From: Economic evaluation of the environmental impact of shipping from the perspective of CO2 emissions
International Shipping | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Trade Area | D.Bulk | L.Bulk | Neo.Bulk | Container | Total CO2 (Mt) |
Tot. Middle East Seaborne | 8.39 | 6.98 | 16.10 | 16.99 | 48.45 |
Middle East | 1.82 | 2.20 | 3.55 | 2.92 | 10.49 |
Europe | 1.11 | 1.75 | 4.45 | 4.29 | 11.60 |
America | 3.97 | 0.32 | 3.60 | 3.28 | 11.17 |
Asia - Arab | 0.15 | 2.41 | 0.92 | 0.83 | 4.30 |
Asia - F.East | 0.47 | 0.25 | 2.70 | 4.81 | 8.23 |
Asia - ISC | 0.19 | 0.03 | 0.42 | 0.50 | 1.14 |
Africa | 0.67 | 0.02 | 0.46 | 0.35 | 1.51 |
Tot. Europe Seaborne | 31.84 | 30.90 | 46.37 | 48.54 | 157.65 |
Europe | 1.30 | 2.08 | 2.58 | 3.68 | 9.64 |
Middle East | 1.87 | 8.91 | 7.04 | 3.26 | 21.09 |
America | 18.47 | 2.83 | 18.46 | 15.44 | 55.20 |
Asia - Arab | 0.26 | 13.09 | 1.12 | 1.29 | 15.75 |
Asia - F.East | 2.41 | 0.45 | 9.64 | 19.56 | 32.06 |
Asia - ISC | 0.47 | 0.10 | 1.60 | 1.88 | 4.05 |
Africa | 7.07 | 3.45 | 5.92 | 3.42 | 19.86 |
Tot. America Seaborne | 22.51 | 60.99 | 74.61 | 79.31 | 237.42 |
America | 1.67 | 3.25 | 4.53 | 2.97 | 12.42 |
Middle East | 2.18 | 9.81 | 14.42 | 17.55 | 43.96 |
Europe | 15.77 | 27.24 | 32.23 | 23.33 | 98.57 |
Asia - Arab | 0.14 | 11.10 | 0.22 | 0.75 | 12.21 |
Asia - F.East | 1.88 | 1.36 | 21.67 | 31.85 | 56.77 |
Asia - ISC | 0.12 | 0.12 | 0.55 | 1.87 | 2.67 |
Africa | 0.75 | 8.10 | 0.98 | 0.99 | 10.82 |
Tot. Asia. Arab Seaborne | 4.99 | 1.23 | 12.79 | 12.30 | 31.31 |
Asia - Arab | 0.96 | 0.30 | 3.26 | 1.86 | 6.38 |
Middle East | 0.96 | 0.13 | 2.66 | 3.82 | 7.56 |
Europe | 1.68 | 0.14 | 1.62 | 1.28 | 4.72 |
America | 0.15 | 0.13 | 0.30 | 0.50 | 1.09 |
Asia - F.East | 0.65 | 0.27 | 3.52 | 3.56 | 8.00 |
Asia - ISC | 0.49 | 0.22 | 1.06 | 0.95 | 2.72 |
Africa | 0.10 | 0.04 | 0.37 | 0.33 | 0.84 |
Tot. Asia. F.East Seaborne | 54.55 | 70.29 | 96.68 | 114.10 | 335.61 |
Asia - F.East | 3.41 | 1.62 | 8.12 | 2.92 | 16.07 |
Middle East | 1.27 | 0.94 | 6.28 | 12.91 | 21.41 |
Europe | 19.62 | 2.06 | 29.98 | 24.08 | 75.75 |
America | 0.62 | 44.77 | 1.30 | 2.24 | 48.93 |
Asia - Arab | 22.17 | 17.41 | 43.90 | 68.98 | 152.46 |
Asia - ISC | 4.75 | 0.45 | 2.02 | 1.47 | 8.69 |
Africa | 2.71 | 3.03 | 5.08 | 1.49 | 12.31 |
Tot. Asia. ISC Seaborne | 4.83 | 6.00 | 12.29 | 6.95 | 30.07 |
Asia - ISC | 0.62 | 0.17 | 1.51 | 0.46 | 2.77 |
Middle East | 0.47 | 0.22 | 1.98 | 1.19 | 3.84 |
Europe | 0.63 | 0.38 | 2.09 | 1.01 | 4.11 |
America | 0.52 | 3.36 | 0.98 | 0.69 | 5.55 |
Asia - ARAB | 1.95 | 1.14 | 4.36 | 2.94 | 10.39 |
Asia - F.East | 0.22 | 0.04 | 0.32 | 0.31 | 0.88 |
Africa | 0.44 | 0.69 | 1.06 | 0.35 | 2.54 |
Tot. Africa Seaborne | 3.81 | 3.95 | 8.20 | 10.54 | 26.50 |
Africa | 0.47 | 0.08 | 0.47 | 0.66 | 1.68 |
Middle East | 0.74 | 0.53 | 3.23 | 4.44 | 8.94 |
Europe | 0.97 | 0.19 | 1.49 | 1.33 | 3.98 |
America | 0.16 | 2.64 | 0.32 | 0.65 | 3.77 |
Asia - ARAB | 1.02 | 0.20 | 1.57 | 2.31 | 5.10 |
Asia - F.East | 0.23 | 0.07 | 0.54 | 0.51 | 1.36 |
Asia - ISC | 0.22 | 0.23 | 0.58 | 0.63 | 1.67 |
Grand Total | 130.92 | 180.34 | 267.04 | 288.71 | 867.01 |