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Journal of Shipping and Trade

Table 1 Correlation matrix

From: Quality management and international trade: institutionalization of quality standards and performance outcomes in China

Variable

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

1. Sales Performance

1

        

2. Cost Efficiency

0.1859*

1

       

3. QM Certifications

0.2454*

− 0.006

1

      

4. Recent Years

0.4029*

0.025

0.3047*

1

     

5. Firm Size

0.9069*

0.0794*

0.2035*

0.4451*

1

    

6. Firm Age

0.3204*

0.001

0.0651*

0.3485*

0.3644*

1

   

7. Capital Slack

0.1256*

0.0752*

0.1656*

0.0867*

− 0.0926*

0.029

1

  

8. Debt Ratio

0.2248*

0.015

−0.0706*

0.1092*

0.4073*

0.1983*

− 0.3636*

1

 

9. Dividend Payout

0.018

0.009

−0.002

−0.0721*

0.028

−0.041

− 0.035

0.038

1

Mean

8.678

0.632

0.411

0.597

9.012

2.053

3.148

0.089

0.242

Standard Deviation

1.783

0.943

0.571

0.491

1.613

0.734

3.348

0.113

1.703

  1. *p < 0.01
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