Table 5 Costs and benefits of ICT innovation in the maritime supply chain
Definition | |
|---|---|
Cost categories | |
Development and implementation costs | Development costs (including hardware/software acquisition/development cost, staff cost, training etc.) |
Operation and maintenance | Operating cost (staff cost, maintenance cost, storage and data management costs) |
User costs | Costs such as: connection costs, hardware software actuation development cost, training cost, transition fees. |
Benefit categories | |
Direct benefits | |
Direct operational savings | Direct value of time and labour saved on operational activity |
Information quality | Value of time and labour for information up-take |
Increased performance | Measure of activity increase (extra net income) due to more efficient operations based on electronic data |
Community benefits | |
Increased efficiency | Measure of activity increase due to community based information and/or merged data |
Increased (standardization) connectivity | Measure of benefits from community added value services |