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Table 2 Hyperparameters of the best-performing neural networks.

From: Forecasting worldwide empty container availability with machine learning techniques

Hyperparameter

Destination prediction modell

Duration prediction modell

Number of layers

3

3

Number of neurons

750

450

Epochs

10

30

Batch size

1028

1024

Activation function

ReLu

ReLu

Activation function (last layer)

Softmax

Softmax and NNelu

Loss function

Categorical cross-entropy

Negative log-likelihood

Optimizer

Adam

Adam

Initialization

Xavier

Xavier

Mixture model

–

3 distributions (2 × moyal distribution, 1 × normal distribution)