Table 1 Vessel characteristics variables and description.
Independent variables | Description of vessels characteristics | No. of vessels involved in accidents | Source |
|---|---|---|---|
Flag state | White (e.g., Denmark, Marshall Islands, Bermuda, Singapore, Japan, Portugal, Panama, US) Grey (e.g., India, Switzerland, Ukraine, Philippines, Lebanon, Poland) Black (e.g.Cameroon, Albania, Belize, Moldova) Other | 441 22 19 22 | Paris MoU Vessel Flag Classification (2021–2022) based on inspection of the vessel’s risk profile, international compliance with safety and pollution prevention measures |
Age | Old (A_O): > 20 years Middle (A_M): > 10- < = 20 years Young (A_Y): < = 10 years Other (A_Oth) | 122 147 232 3 | Fan et al. (2018) |
Vessel type | Bulker (VT_B) Container (VT_C) General cargo ship (VT_GCS) Tanker (VT_T) Passenger (VT_P) Offshore (VT_O) Other (VT_Oth) | 157 71 116 75 46 3 36 | |
Size | Large (S_B) > = 20KGT Medium (S_M) > 2KGT < 20KGT Small (S_S) < = 2KGT | 264 182 58 | |
Dependent variable | |||
Marine casualty | Number of deaths | 502 | |