Table 10 Maritime port material flows level of application as per research findings

Maintenance

PLE/GSS

X

Buildings/Equipment/Containers/Furniture/Lighting

No major comments in social science journals on how ports are extending the life of these items. Although maintenance is applied, more can be done to use assets longer time

Reuse and share

RRU/SCC/RPO or PSS

X

Share of vehicles and

Bicycles for employees/Share of machinery/reuse of part for solar panels and other

Limited examples identified in the literature and quite easy to implement and reinforced

Remanufacturing

PLE/RRU

X

Industrial symbiosis (Textiles/Electronics/Cars/Equipment)

Limited examples identified in the literature. A port is connecting supply chains for the car remanufacturing

Recycling

DFR/GSS

X

Plastic/Waste/Fishing nets/Aluminum/Carton

A few ex for plastic, waste, and fishing nets where identified. There are large quantities of glass, carton or aluminum that are generated in cruise ships that can be recycled in ports

Extraction of biochemical feedstock

BBB/CMW

X

Biomass plants Biofuel plants

Different ports are in different stages of developing clean energy production

CO2 Capture

BBB/SCC/RRU

X

CCUS or CCS to produce renewable diesel or naphtha (renewable fuels)

Carbon capture technology is a viable strategy to move the industrial and power sectors towards decarbonisation

Cascade

CMW/GSS/BBB

X

Sea by-product use in medicine or food. Automotive and recycling,

Secondary materials from the sea can be used in medicine or added value products

Solid restauration and farming & collection

RRU/SFA/CMW/BBB

X

Agricultural innovation fund, protection of wild life and nature

Regeneration of land to protect the ecosystem is critical for circular economy, cascading and biofuel