COVID-19 and the financial resilience of Finland’s seaports

Journal of Shipping and Trade

Table 5 Port types and characteristics

Port company^a	Ownership: Public, Private	Size^b: Large, Medium, Small	Primary LOB^c: Passenger, Freight, Both	Specialisation^d: Multipurpose, Single-purpose	Freight direction^c: Export, Import, Both	Freight main type: Bulk^e, Unitised (trailer, container), Both
Hamina-Kotka	Public	Large	Freight	Multi	Export	Both
Hanko	Public	Large	Freight	Multi	Both	Unitized
Helsinki	Public	Large	Both	Multi	Both	Unitized
Inkoo	Private	Large	Freight	Single	Both	Bulk
Kalajoki	Public	Small	Freight	Multi	Export	Bulk
Kaskinen	Public	Small	Freight	Single	Both	Bulk
Kemi	Public	Medium	Freight	Single	Export	Bulk
Kokkola	Public	Large	Freight	Multi	Export	Both
Naantali	Public	Medium	Both	Multi	Import	Both
Oulu	Public	Medium	Freight	Single	Both	Both
Pietarsaari	Public	Small	Freight	Single	Export	Bulk
Pori	Public	Medium	Freight	Multi	Both	Bulk
Raahe	Public	Medium	Freight	Single	Import	Bulk
Rauma	Public	Medium	Freight	Multi	Export	Both
Tolkkinen	Private	Small	Freight	Multi	Both	Bulk
Turku	Public	Large	Both	Multi	Both	Unitized
Uusi-kaupunki	Public	Small	Freight	Multi	Both	Both
Vaasa	Public	Small	Both	Multi	Import	Bulk

^aPort location usually also indicates the company name (e.g. ‘Port of Hanko Ltd.’)
The Port of Tolkkinen is located in the City of Porvoo
The Port of Vaasa is part of the Swedish port group Kvarkenhamnar AB, yet 50% is owned by the city of Vaasa. Kvarkenhamnar in turn is owned by Swedish municipalities/cities
The Port in Inkoo is owned and operated by Inkoo Shipping Ltd
The Port of Raahe is an adjunct to steel manufacturer SSAB Ltd. operated port
^bPorts with a turnover of more than 12 MEUR in 2019 are considered as large (L), ports with a turnover of less than 5 MEUR as small (S); in between belong the medium-sized (M) ports
^cBased on Finnish Transport Agency (2018). Ports with less than 1/3 of their freight volumes in the export or import category were considered as mainly import or export ports, respectively
^dBased on ports’ annual reports from 2019
^eBulk also includes project deliveries, break-bulk, or other non-unitized cargo