Table 4 Factors and features of ports
From: Sustainable development of inland waterways transport: a review
Element | Factors | Features | References |
|---|---|---|---|
Ports | Governance and Policies | Regulatory frameworks | Li et al. (2021) |
Investments schemes (public and private) | Li et al. (2021) | ||
Financial frameworks | Nguyen and Nguyen (2020) | ||
Management | Planning | Rožić et al. (2016) | |
Construction, maintenance, and disposal | van Lier and Macharis (2014) | ||
Operational | Barge handling at ports | Oganesian et al. (2021) | |
Port equipment and yard configuration | Wiercx et al. (2019) | ||
Technology and Innovation | Implementation and optimization of digital applications | ||
Infrastructure | Improvement of port infrastructure to support IWT | Bu and Nachtmann (2021) | |
Facilities and equipment | Rožić et al. (2016) | ||
Private investment to boost IWT | Bu and Nachtmann (2021) | ||
Capacity of cargo collection and distribution | Rožić et al. (2016) | ||
Construction or expansion of inland river ports | Vilarinho et al. (2019) | ||
Human resources | Skilled labor force | Koralova (2017), Pfoser et al. (2018), Vilarinho et al. (2019) |