Table 5 Factors and features of Inland Fleet
From: Sustainable development of inland waterways transport: a review
Element | Factors | Features | References |
|---|---|---|---|
Fleet | Governance and Policies | Promotion of green technologies | |
Fleet characterization | |||
Management | Enforcement of policies and regulations | Awal (2007) | |
Harmonization of regulations for vessels between sheered basins | Mako and Galieriková (2021) | ||
Assessment of external costs (for construction, maintenance, and disposal of the fleet) | van Lier and Macharis (2014) | ||
Safety (design and regular check) | Maternová et al. (2022) | ||
Operational | Regular line services | Koralova (2017) | |
Optimization of transport routes Improvement of fleet scheduling | Zhu et al. (2021) | ||
Technology and Innovation | Alternative power systems and alternative fuels | ||
Vessel design optimization to improve efficiency | Bernardini et al. (2018), Koralova (2017), Sihn et al. (2015) | ||
Inclusion of autonomous shipping for IWT | Chen et al. (2016) | ||
Modernization of the fleet | |||
Information and communication applications (RIS) | Niedzielski et al. (2021) | ||
Human resources | Qualified vessels crews Training and certification Working conditions | Koralova (2017), Maternová et al. (2022), Pfoser et al. (2018) |